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October 2008 - Posts
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The National Institutes of Health and the National Council of Negro Women (NCNW)
joined forces today to train NCNW members in how to present two NIH education
programs that help children maintain a healthy weight.
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Find out the latest news about the brain and its complexity from the world's top experts. Several institute directors and program leaders from the National Institutes of Health will be available to discuss success stories and new directions in neuroscience research during this year’s Society for Neuroscience meeting. This is a rare opportunity to meet and interact with several NIH directors and other leading neuroscientists. Topics include mental health, substance abuse, brain issues related to aging, eye health, as well as stroke and neurological disorders.
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An update of the evidence on this topic from the NLH Skin Disorders Specialist Library
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An update of the evidence on this topic from the NLH Musculoskeletal Specialist Library
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Researchers studying neurofibromatosis type 1 — a rare disease in which tumors grow within nerves — have found that the tumors are triggered by crosstalk between cells in the nerves and cells in the blood. The researchers, who were funded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and the Department of Defense (DOD), also found that a drug on the market for treating certain kinds of blood cancer curbs tumor growth in a mouse model of neurofibromatosis type 1. A clinical trial of the drug is underway in people with the disease.
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The National Institutes of Health (NIH) announced today it will provide up to an estimated $17 million to fund 16 Science Education Partnership Awards (SEPAs). Led by the National Center for Research Resources (NCRR) — a part of the NIH — SEPAs provide two to five years of support to stimulate scientific curiosity and encourage hands-on science education activities. By supporting collaboration among scientists, educators and community organizations, SEPA projects help improve public understanding of NIH-funded medical research and encourage young people to choose science as a career path.
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A study from a National Institutes of Health research network found that an early treatment to prevent severe newborn jaundice in extremely early preterm infants reduced the infants’ rate of brain injury, a serious complication of severe jaundice.
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Treatment that combines a certain type of psychotherapy with an antidepressant medication is most likely to help children with anxiety disorders, but each of the treatments alone are also effective, according to a new study funded by the National Institutes of Health's National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) The study was published online Oct. 30, in the "New England Journal of Medicine."
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The Diabetes Education in Tribal Schools' (DETS) "Health is Life in Balance" K-12 curriculum will be launched by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), the Indian Health Service (IHS), the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and eight tribal colleges and universities.
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Initial, independent review of study data from the Selenium and Vitamin E Cancer Prevention Trial (SELECT), funded by the National Cancer Institute (NCI) and other institutes that comprise the National Institutes of Health shows that selenium and vitamin E supplements, taken either alone or together, did not prevent prostate cancer.
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A mechanism in the body which typically helps a person heal from an injury, may actually be causing patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) to get worse, researchers at the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), a part of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), and their collaborators have found.
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Information about leukemia has just been added to NIHSeniorHealth, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Web site designed especially for older adults.
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The National Institutes of Health (NIH) has selected six outstanding individuals to serve as members of the Director's Council of Public Representatives (COPR), the advisory committee to the NIH Director on issues important to the public.
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An update of the evidence on this topic from the NLH Health Management Specialist Library
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The National Center for Research Resources (NCRR), a part of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), announced today it will provide up to an estimated $55 million to fund five new Institutional Development Awards (IDeA) over the next five years. The awards support multidisciplinary centers -- each concentrating on one general area of research -- that strengthen institutional biomedical research capability and enhance research infrastructure. The IDeA program is designed to improve the competitiveness of investigators in states that historically have not received significant levels of competitive NIH research funding.
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A quarterly health information series was launched today by the National Institutes of Health and the Jackson Medical Mall.
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The Office of Dietary Supplements (ODS) at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) announces the release of the ninth issue of the Annual Bibliography of Significant Advances in Dietary Supplement Research. The papers selected for the 2007 Bibliography include research supported by government, industry, and academic institutions, as well as public-private partnerships.
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Management of hepatitis B is a challenge for physicians and patients due to an incomplete understanding of the disease course, complex treatment indications, and the lack of large studies focusing on important health outcomes. To examine these issues, the NIH convened an independent, impartial panel this week to weigh the available evidence on the management of hepatitis B.
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A multi-institution team, funded by the National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI) of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), today reported results of the largest effort to date to chart the genetic changes involved in the most common form of lung cancer, lung adenocarcinoma. The findings should help pave the way for more individualized approaches for detecting and treating the nation's leading cause of cancer deaths.
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In related news, leaders from the National Institutes of Health (NIH), part of the United States Department of Health and Human Services, signed a letter of intent in September with the European Commission (EC) officially agreeing to combine the data from the NIH Human Microbiome Project and the EC Metagenomics of the Human Intestinal Tract (MetaHIT) project.
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The National Institutes of Health's National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM) has added four new Centers of Excellence for Research on Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CERCs) to its research centers program. The new centers will add to knowledge about complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) approaches and their potential in treating and preventing diseases and conditions that are common among Americans.
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To mark the second anniversary of the National Institutes of Health Information Center at the Jackson Medical Mall in Jackson, MS. The center features health information materials from many of NIH's 27 Institutes and Centers on cancer, heart disease, dental care, diabetes, sudden infant death syndrome, and many other health topics.
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Three NIH employees were among the more than 350 career federal executives recognized with Presidential Rank Awards on Sept. 30 by President George W. Bush for their outstanding leadership and longtime service to government.
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New evidence about the worldwide influenza pandemic of 1918-1919 indicates that getting the flu early protected many people against a second deadlier wave, an article co-authored by an NIH epidemiologist concludes.
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Researchers in a study funded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) have demonstrated for the first time that a direct artificial connection from the brain to muscles can restore voluntary movement in monkeys whose arms have been temporarily anesthetized.
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An update of the evidence on this topic from the NLH Ethnicity & Health Specialist Library
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The podcast accompanies the Depression Annual Evidence Update that was published by the Mental Health Specialist Library on 6th October 2008.
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Researchers in a study funded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) have demonstrated for the first time that a direct artificial connection from the brain to muscles can restore voluntary movement in monkeys whose arms have been temporarily anesthetized.
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The National Center for Research Resources (NCRR), a part of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), announced today it will provide up to an estimated $11 million over the next five years to create two new Biomedical Technology Research Centers (BTRCs) that will provide researchers nationwide with access to specialized research tools, training and state-of-the-art equipment.
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The Research Partnership in Cognitive Aging is a newly launched public-private effort to support current and emerging research on age-related changes in the brain and cognition. Jointly funded by the National Institute on Aging (NIA), one of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), and the McKnight Brain Research Foundation, through the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health (FNIH), this effort is expected to award an estimated $20 million in research grants over the next five years.
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According to a paper published in the Oct. 15, 2008, issue of the "American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine", this practice, referred to as sequential withdrawal, may be relatively common, and may have a varying impact on the family's satisfaction with ICU care. This study was funded by the National Institute of Nursing Research (NINR), the lead Institute for end-of-life research at the National Institutes of Health (NIH).
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Francine R. Kaufman, M.D., director of the Comprehensive Childhood Diabetes Center and head of the Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism at Childrens Hospital Los Angeles, began a three-year term as chair of the National Diabetes Education Program (NDEP) on October 1.
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Hepatitis B is a major cause of liver disease worldwide, ranking as a substantial cause of cirrhosis and liver cancer. Approximately 1.25 million people are chronically infected with the virus in the United States, resulting in 3,000 to 5,000 deaths each year. The incomplete understanding of the natural history of the disease, coupled with multiple conflicting guidelines, make the management of this complex disease challenging. These issues will be addressed at the upcoming NIH Consensus Development Conference: Management of Hepatitis B, October 20-22, 2008.
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While the majority of eye care professionals treat children diagnosed with CI using some form of home-based therapy, a new study concludes that office-based treatment by a trained therapist along with at-home reinforcement is more effective. The research, reported in the Oct.13 issue of Archives of Ophthalmology, was funded by the National Eye Institute (NEI), part of the National Institutes of Health.
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Labs that conduct the highest number of routine blood tests are more likely than others to report estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), an important measure of kidney function that can identify early kidney disease, according to a survey funded by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), part of the National Institutes of Health (NIH). The work is reported in the October issue of the "American Journal of Kidney Diseases."
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National Institutes of Health (NIH) scientists have identified
a protein that plays matchmaker between two key types of white
blood cells, T and B cells, enabling them to interact in a way
that is crucial to establishing long-lasting immunity after an
infection.
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John (Jack) Killen, Jr., M.D. was recently appointed Deputy Director of the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM), part of the National Institutes of Health (NIH).
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An update of the evidence on this topic from the NLH Cancer Specialist Library
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An update of the evidence on this topic from the NLH Musculoskeletal Specialist Library in conjunction with the Trauma & Orthopaedics Specialist Library
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The scientific and human sides of communication and communication disorders will be featured on Thursday, Oct. 23, 2008, when the National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD), one of the National Institutes of Health, holds a symposium to celebrate its 20th anniversary. The symposium will take place from 8:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. at the Natcher Conference Center, on the NIH campus in Bethesda, Md. It will highlight accomplishments of NIDCD research over the past two decades as well as the perspectives and talents of people who have a personal connection with a communication disorder. Roughly one in six people in this country will experience a communication disorder in his or her life.
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The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID),
part of the National Institutes of Health, has awarded two five-year
contracts to establish Clinical Proteomics Centers for Infectious
Diseases and Biodefense. The contracts were awarded to the University
of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB), Galveston, and to the Canadian
firm Caprion Proteomics, Montreal. Researchers at the centers will
analyze human blood and other tissue samples from completed or
ongoing clinical studies with the aim of discovering proteins that
could serve as biomarkers of infectious disease..
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The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID),
part of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), will award five-year
contracts estimated to be up to $68.7 million to establish programs
in Systems Biology for Infectious Disease Research at four research
institutions. Scientists at each facility will apply novel techniques
to study diseases that include severe acute respiratory syndrome
(SARS), tuberculosis and influenza.
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The University of Michigan will lead the effort to expand and enhance the molecular data needed to develop computer programs that more accurately predict potential drug candidates. The data will be housed in a Web-based resource that the scientific community and others interested in this information can access for free. The resource is estimated to receive up to $5 million over five years from NIH's National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS).
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A 30 percent increase in chronic kidney disease over the past decade has prompted the U.S. Renal Data System (USRDS) to issue for the first time a separate report documenting the magnitude of the disease, which affects an estimated 27 million Americans and accounts for more than 24 percent of Medicare costs. The USRDS is funded by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), part of the National Institutes of Health (NIH).
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The National Institutes of Health (NIH) released a new policy today that will enhance success rates of new and resubmitted applications by decreasing the number of allowed grant application resubmissions from two to one.
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The 2008 Nobel Prize in chemistry is shared by two NIH grantees, Martin Chalfie, Ph.D., of Columbia University and Roger Y. Tsien, Ph.D., of the University of California at San Diego.
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Scientists have deciphered the complete genetic sequence of the parasite Plasmodium vivax, the leading cause of relapsing malaria, and compared it with the genomes of other species of malaria parasites. The findings shed light on distinctive genetic features of P. vivax, and may lead to new tools to prevent and treat P. vivax malaria. Results of the study, funded by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), part of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), appear in the Oct. 9 issue of "Nature".
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The HIV infection rate for Latinos in this country -- 29.3 new cases per 100,000 people in 2006 -- is nearly three times higher than for whites. Since the epidemic began, an estimated 80,690 Latinos with AIDS in the United States have died. The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), part of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), joins the Latino community in mourning those who have succumbed to this terrible disease.
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Bethesda, Maryland October 7, 2008 — Elias A. Zerhouni, M.D., Director of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, is pleased to announce the appointment of John F. "Jack" Jones, Ph.D., as NIH Chief Information Officer (CIO), effective June 22, 2008.
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The National Institutes of Health (NIH) today announced the first awards for its Human Microbiome Project, which will lay a foundation for efforts to explore how complex communities of microbes interact with the human body to influence health and disease. The funding, estimated to be up to approximately $21.2 million, will support the development of innovative technologies and computational tools, coordination of data analysis, and an examination of some of the ethical, legal and social implications of human microbiome research.
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The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), part of the National Institutes of Health, has awarded 25 new grants to develop new and better diagnostics and treatments for radiation exposure after a nuclear attack. Several of these grants were awarded under Project Bioshield Authority, legislation that enables NIAID within the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) to use a rapid award process to help stimulate research on medical countermeasures against chemical, biological, radiological or nuclear (CBRN) threats.
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An experimental anti-cancer drug can prevent -- and even reverse -- potentially fatal cardiovascular damage in a mouse model of progeria, a rare genetic disorder that causes the mostdramatic form of human premature aging, National Institutes of Health (NIH) researchers reported today.
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Marie A. Bernard, M.D., a noted geriatrician and educator from the University of Oklahoma, has been named deputy director of the National Institute on Aging (NIA), part of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), effective Oct. 12, 2008. Bernard brings exceptional skills and training as a physician, educator, administrator and investigator to the position at NIA, where she will take a major leadership role in directing the nation’s research program on aging and on age-related cognitive change.
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Scientists at the National Institutes of Health have deciphered the complex relationship between three distinct brain circuits implicated in schizophrenia. The researchers determined that one brain circuit acts through an intermediary brain circuit. The intermediary circuit acts like a volume control knob, turning up the electrical activity of still another brain circuit, or turning it down. The finding suggests that schizophrenia could result from a malfunction anywhere in the link between these three brain circuits.
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A new Web site from the National Institutes of Health (NIH), "Children and Clinical Studies" (www.ChildrenAndClinicalStudies.nhlbi.nih.gov), offers parents and health care providers an insider's guide to children's medical research.
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About 20 percent of isolated cleft lip, one of the world’s most common birth defects, may be due to a one-letter difference in the DNA sequence of a gene involved in facial development, researchers supported by the National Institutes of Health report.
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The National Institutes of Health announced today that its comprehensive study to examine the effect of genes and the environment on children's health had entered the next phase of operations. At a briefing on the latest developments in the National Children's Study, NIH officials named the study centers funded for 2008.
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An update of the evidence on this topic from the NLH Mental Health Specialist Library
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An update of the evidence on this topic from the NLH Cardiovascular Diseases Specialist Library
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A new study shows that the DNA of so-called "good bacteria" that normally live in the intestines may help defend the body against infection. The findings, available October 2 online in the journal Immunity, are reported by Yasmine Belkaid, Ph.D., and her colleagues in the Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases at the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), part of the National Institutes of Health.
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In the new study at the National Institutes of Health in Bethesda, MD, depressed patients showed increasing activity in a mood-regulating hub near the front of the brain while viewing flashing frightful faces -- the more the increase, the better their response to an experimental fast-acting medication called ketamine.
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This study, sponsored by the National Cancer Institute (NCI), part of the National Institutes of Health, is called MARVEL (Marker Validation for Erlotinib in Lung Cancer) and will attempt to definitively establish the future value of selecting patients for treatment based on the presence or absence of EGFR activation.
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